Wofür steht ACTA?
Das Anti-Counterfeiting-Trade-Agreement (ACTA) ist ein internationales Abkommen zur Bekämpfung von Urheberrechtsverletzungen und Produkpiraterie. Beteiligt sind unter anderem die USA, di eEU-Staaten und Japan. Die ACTA-Verhandlungen fanden größtenteils unter Ausschluss der Öffentlichkeit statt. Auch über die Ergebnisse wurde kaum informiert. Der EU-Ministerrat stimmte dem Abkommen im Dezember 2011 zu, das EU-Parlament jedoch noch nicht. Kritiker des Abkommens befürchten, dass Maßnahmen zum Schutz von Urheberrechten im Internet zu einer Einschränkung der Meinungsfreiheit und einer dauerhaften Überwachung von Internet-Inhalten führen könnten. In vielen Ländern gibt es deshalb Proteste gegen ACTA.
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Football is the most famous disciplineon the planet.
Interest massive. Hundreds of millions of people watch matches of favorite teams. Attention rising constantly.
Of course for the specified sport you can make a bet in a bookmaker's office. Shortly introduce history of football.
Development of discipline
Football appeared several centuries BC. Disciplines with a ball in demand among citizens of many countries. They were used in:
• Ancient China;
• Ancient Greece;
• Ancient Rome.
Inhabitants of Italy improved sport. During the Middle Ages they introduced to the world the game "Calcio". With the development of trade, it came to England. Love in sport formed instantly. By Level of Interest "Calcio" beaten cricket.
Severe discipline
Interest among viewers appeared naturally. Discipline captivated with its dynamics. Battles on the field occurred significant. This permitted norms of football:
1. 2 squads.
2. 25 people each.
3. 15 offensive players.
4. Right to fight.
English made their rules. At first game wasn't standardized. In some places allowed to throw ball with hands, in others forbidden.
The Starting attempt to standardization was made in 1846. Cases wanted momentary response. players from several colleges entered the field on the field during the competition. Each player acted in accordance with acceptednorms. Result did not inspire positive development of events.
However, athletes were create a single regulations.
Starting standardization turned out positive. Attention public intensified. As a result in Great Britain formed the first special club. Roster renamed "Sheffield". It happened in 1857.
In 1863 formed The Football Association of England. Organization immediately adopted a standard code of rules of football.
Modern outline
Gradually the game developed. Created requirements for the stadium. Standardized dimensions of the gate.
Important year became 1871. At that time originated the FA Cup. Championship - oldest in the class.
1891 - year appearances in football penalty. However, from current specified strike different. Today take penalties from fixed spot. Earlier moment was done from the line.
Game evolved. Love grew. According to the results in the 1880s, the number of teams exceeded 100 pieces. In society began to arise rumors. Some players felt that certain teams give players salary. In those days disciplines could be exclusively amateur. As a result rules changed.
They introduced a clause prohibiting players have a salary.
Began sequence slander. Lineups accused each other. Some clubs left the championship. After time norm cancelled.
Football in other countries of the world
Growth of trade accelerated penetration of discipline to Europe. As a result sport started regulated at the supranational level. FIFA appeared in beginning of the last century. At first association consisted of 7 countries.
Standard requirements on equipment did not exist. Players required to wear:
• hat or top hat;
• shoes;
• long stockings;
• pants.
Standard entered later. Initially footballers played without numbers. They arose only in 1939.
Starting international championship held in 1900. Discipline included to the Olympiad. Participated total 3 teams.
The heyday of the sport occurred in the middle of the last century. On the planet started playing high class stars.
